(A.K.A.
CHRISTIAN RECONSTRUCTIONISM,
DOMINION THEOLOGY, AND THEONOMY)
Sponsored link.
History:
Dominionism, Dominion Theology, Christian Reconstructionism, Theocratic
Dominionism, and Theonomy are not
denominations or faith groups. Rather, they are interrelated beliefs which are followed by
members of a wide range of Christian denominations. They have no connection at
all to Reconstructionist Judaism, which is a liberal
group within Judaism.
Generally speaking:
Dominionism & Dominion Theology are derived from Genesis 1:26 of the Hebrew Scriptures (Old
Testament):
"Then God said, 'Let us make man in our image, in our likeness and let them
rule over the fish of the sea and the birds of the air, over the livestock, over all the
earth and over all the creatures that move along the ground.'" (NIV)
Most Christians interpret this verse as meaning that God gave mankind dominion over the
animal kingdom. Dominion theologians believe that that this verse commands Christians to
bring all societies, around the world, under the rule of the Word of God.
Theonomy (Greek for "God's Law") includes the concept that
"God’s revealed standing laws are a reflection of His immutable moral
character and, as such, are absolute in the sense of being nonarbitrary,
objective, universal, and established in advance of particular
circumstances (thus applicable to general types of moral situations)." 6,7Thus, each of the 613 laws given to Moses and recorded in the Pentateuch (the first 5 books of
the Hebrew Scriptures) are binding on people of all nations, cultures, and
religions forever, except for those laws which have been specifically rescinded or
modified by further revelation.
Christian Reconstructionism arose out of conservative
Presbyterianism in the early 1970's. Followers believe "that every
area dominated by sin must be 'reconstructed' in terms of the Bible."
1
The term Reconstructionism has been used to refer to various combinations of the
preceding three terms. This type of confusion is common in the field of religion. Many
theological terms such as Christian, Fundamentalist, Occult, New Age, Reconstructionism, Unitarian
etc. have been assigned so many different interpretations by different groups in
different eras that they are almost meaningless.
Its most common form, Dominionism, represents one of the most
extreme forms of Fundamentalist Christianity thought. Its followers, called
Dominionists, are
attempting to peacefully convert the laws of United States so that they match
those of the Hebrew Scriptures. They intend to achieve this by using the freedom of religion in the US to
train a generation of children in private Christian religious schools. Later, their
graduates will be charged with the responsibility of creating a new Bible-based political,
religious and social order. One of the first tasks of this order will be to eliminate
religious choice and freedom. Their eventual goal is to achieve the "Kingdom of God"
in which much of the world is converted to Christianity. They feel that the power of God's
word will bring about this conversion. No armed force or insurrection will be needed; in
fact, they believe that there will be little opposition to their plan. People will
willingly accept it. All that needs to be done is to properly explain it to them.
All religious organizations, congregations etc. other than strictly
Fundamentalist Christianity would be suppressed. Nonconforming Evangelical,
main line and liberal Christian religious institutions would no longer be allowed to
hold services, organize, proselytize, etc.
Society would revert to the laws and punishments of the Hebrew Scriptures. Any person who
advocated or practiced other religious beliefs outside of their home would be tried for idolatry and
executed. Blasphemy, adultery and homosexual behavior would be criminalized; those
found guilty would also be executed. At that time that this essay was originally
written, this was the only religious movement in
North America of which we were aware which advocates genocide for followers of minority
religions and non-conforming members of their own religion. Since then, we have
learned of two conservative Christian pastors in Texas who have advocated the
execution of all Wiccans. Ralph Reed, the executive director of the conservative public policy group the Christian
Coalition has criticized Reconstructionism as "an authoritarian ideology that
threatens the most basic civil liberties of a free and democratic society."
Leading writers in the movement are:
Greg L. Bahnsen of the Southern California Center for Christian Studies.
David Chilton. He adopted hyper-preterism, (a.k.a. full or complete
perterism) a particular belief about end time events. He was basically
ostracized from the Christian Reconstruction camp afterwards.
Gary DeMar.
Kenneth L. Gentry, Jr.
Gary North of the Institute for Christian Economics. He is a prolific author.
Larry Pratt: head of the Gun Owners of America and English First, a group
opposed to non-English speaking immigrants and bilingual education. Author of "Armed
People Victorious" which documents Guatemalan and Philippine militias and
para-military death squads. He was campaign co-chair of the Buchanan presidential campaign in
1996.
John Quade.
Rousas John Rushdoony of the Chalcedon Foundation is often considered the founder
of Christian Reconstructionism. Author of Institutes of Biblical Law.
Rev. Andrew Sandlin.
Beliefs:
According to Gary DeMar, a popular Reconstructionist author, the foundation of
Reconstructionism is a unique combination of three Biblical doctrines:
Regeneration of the individual, through an intimate relationship with Christ
Individuals guiding their lives closely by following a specified subset of Biblical laws
Promoting of the world-wide Kingdom of God. 2
Specific beliefs include
A rejection of Antinomianism: the belief that salvation is obtained totally
through faith and not through performing good works and living a moral life
Presuppositionalism: the acceptance on faith that the Bible is true. They do not
attempt to prove that God exists or that the Bible is true.
Inerrancy: the belief that the Bible, as originally
written, is totally free of error.
Postmillennialism: the belief that Christ will not
return to earth until much of the world has converted to Christianity. This
will not take place for some considerable time; it will not be a painless transition. Most
Fundamentalists and other Evangelists hold to a different view. They are Premillenialists
and believe that all (or almost all) of the preconditions of
Christ's return have been met. They expect Jesus' second coming to occur
very soon.
The 613 laws contained in the Hebrew Scriptures' Mosaic Code can be divided into two classes: moral and
ceremonial. Christians are not required to follow the ceremonial laws, because Jesus has
liberated them from that responsibility. However, all persons must follow
those
moral laws which were not specifically modified or cancelled by further
revelation --generally in the Christian Scriptures (New Testament). In
contrast:
Non-reconstructionist Christians generally divide these laws
into three classes: moral, civil and ceremonial law, and generally
believe that most Old Testament laws are no longer binding on
Christians.
Jews generally believe that the Mosaic Code is binding only on
Jews.
The moral laws given by God to the ancient Israelites reflect of God's character,
which is unchangeable. Most of the laws are intended for all nations,
cultures, societies, religions and all
eras, including the present time. However, there are a few laws, in such
areas as personal safety and sanitation, which are no longer applicable
because of changes in architecture and sewage disposal. These do not
need to be obeyed.
The primacy of the Hebrew Scriptures, relative to the Christian Scriptures (New
Testament). All of the Hebrew Scriptures' non-ceremonial laws are still in force, unless
they have been specifically rescinded or modified by verses in the Christian Scriptures.
"Only if we find an explicit abandonment of an Old Testament law in the New
Testament, because of the historic fulfillment of the Old Testament shadow, can we
legitimately abandon a detail of the Mosaic law." 3 This is largely supported
by their interpretation of Matthew 5:17:
"Do you think that I have come to abolish the Law or the Prophets; I have not
come to abolish them but to fulfill them." (NIV)
Civil laws must be changed to match the Bible's moral rules. That is, anything that is immoral (by
their standards) is also to be criminalized.
The only valid legislation, social theory, spiritual beliefs, economic theory are those
derived from the Bible
In every aspect of life, there are only two options: God-centered or man-centered;
Theonomy or autonomy. Their political goal is to ban the latter, everywhere. Each
individual, family, church, government and society must be reconstructed to eliminate sin.
Each Christian has the responsibility to contribute to this conversion.
They oppose inter-faith, inter-racial, and same-sex marriages. R.J. Rushdoony wrote about opposition
to:
"inter-religious, inter-racial, and inter-cultural marriages, in that they
normally go against the very community which marriage is designed to establish."
4
Rushdoony's condemnation of inter-racial marriage appears
to have been his own and unrelated to the biblical text. It was not
shared by other Reconstructionists.
Reconstructionists regard the Gods and Goddesses of all other
religions to be "the devil," and their teachings to be false.
They would attempt to replace all religions with their version of
Christianity. For example, David Chilton wrote about Judaism:
"The god of Judaism is the devil. The Jew will not be recognized by God
as one of His chosen people until he abandons his demonic religion and returns to the
faith of his fathers--the faith which embraces Jesus Christ and His Gospel."
5
Of course, there exists diversity of opinion within the Reconstructionist movement. Not
all followers will necessarily agree with all the above statements of the movement's leaders
Practices:
If they gained control of the US or Canadian federal government, there would be many
changes:
The use of the death penalty would be greatly expanded, when
the Hebrew Scriptures' laws are reapplied. People will be executed for adultery,
blasphemy, heresy, homosexual behavior, idolatry, prostitution,
evil sorcery (some translations say Witchcraft), etc.
The Bible requires those found guilty of these "crimes" to be either stoned to death or burned
alive. Reconstructionists are divided on the execution method to be
used.
A church or congregation which does not accept the Mosaic Law has another god before them, and is
thus guilty of idolatry. That would be punishable by death. That would include all
non-Christian religious organizations. At the present time, non-Christians total two-thirds of the human race.
The status of women would be reduced to almost that of a slave as described
in the Hebrew Scriptures. A woman would initially be considered the
property of her father; after marriage, she would be considered the
property of her husband.
It would be logical to assume that the institution of slavery would be reintroduced, and
regulated according to Biblical laws. Fathers could sell their daughters into slavery. Female slaves would retain that status for
life. Slave owners would be allowed to physically abuse them, as long as
the slaves lived for at least a day before dying of the beating. 9
Polygyny and the keeping of concubines were permitted in the Old
Testament. However, Reconstructionists generally believe in marriage
between one man and one woman only. Any other sexual expression would be
a capital crime. Those found guilty of engaging in same-sex, pre-marital
or extra-marital sex would be executed.
The Old Testament "Jubilee Year" system would be celebrated once more. Every
50 years, the control of all land reverted to its original owners. In
theory, this would require
every part of North American land to be returned to the original Aboriginal owners (or
perhaps to those persons of Aboriginal descent who are now Christians). Hawaii would be
given back to the native Hawaiians.
Governments would all have balanced budgets.
Income taxes would be eliminated.
The prison system would be eliminated. A system of just restitution would be established
for some crimes. The death penalty would be practiced for many other crimes. There would
be little need for warehousing of convicted criminals.
Legal abortions would be banished; those found to be responsible for abortions
would be charged with murder and executed.
The reinstitution of slavery appears to be a hot button item among
Reconstructionists.
We have received a few negative E-mails which complained that the movement does not
recommend the resumption of human slavery. But we have received many more Emails from Reconstructionists claiming
that legalizing slavery would be good for North America.
Joseph Busche and Bill Curry have written a Tennessee Law Book. Their intent was
to show that laws to implement various Old Testament laws would sound extremely intrusive
today. See:
http://www.sullivan-county.com/.
Sponsored link:
Interface with other Fundamentalist Christian groups:
Dominionism differs from more common forms of Fundamentalism in a
number of key areas.
Dominionists:
Emphasize the importance of the Hebrew Scriptures vs. the Christian Scriptures.
Believe that all Christians must attempt to reconstruct society along
Biblical
lines.
Believe that, once they attain power, they will suppress other religions through
genocide and mass murder, rather than through proselytizing.
Would require all religious groups to strictly follow the Mosaic law.
Believe that Jesus' second coming is in the far future.
Dominionism thought is finding considerable support among
Pentecostal and
Charismatic denominations and churches. According to the Public Eye
Magazine: "Gary North claims that 'the ideas of the Reconstructionists
have penetrated into Protestant circles that for the most part are unaware
of the original source of the theological ideas that are beginning to
transform them.' North describes the 'three major legs of the
Reconstructionist movement [as] the Presbyterian oriented educators, the
Baptist school headmasters and pastors, and the charismatic
telecommunications system'." 8
J. Ligon Duncan, III, "Moses' Law for Modern Government: The Intellectual and
Sociological Origins of the Christian Reconstructionist Movement", Premise, Vol
II, No. 5, 1995-MAY-27. See: http://capo.org/premise/95/may/ssha2.html
Gary North, "The Sinai Strategy: Economics and the Ten Commandments,"
Institute for Christian Economics (1986)
R.J. Rushdoony, "The Institutes of Biblical Law", Craig Press, Nutley,
NJ (1973), P. 257.
David Chilton, "The Days of Vengeance: An Exposition of the Book of
Revelation", Dominion Press, Ft. Worth, TX (1984), P. 127.
Frederick Clarkson, "Theocratic Dominionism gains influence,"
The Public Eye Magazine, Volume 8, #1 and 2, 1994-MAR/JUN. Online at:
http://www.publiceye.org/
David Chilton's "Productive Christians in an Age of Guilt Manipulators"
Gary DeMar, "Christian Reconstruction: What it Is, What it Isn’t"
George Grant and Mark Horne, "Legislating Immorality: The Homosexual Movement
Comes Out Of The Closet." (This book advocates the death penalty for homosexual
behavior.)